The Fascinating Origin of the Word “Abracadabra”
Today I found out the origin of the word “abracadabra.”
These days you might hear this word before some stage magician pulls a rabbit out of his hat, but hundreds of years ago people actually believed that “abracadabra” was a magical spell. The exact origin of the word is up for debate, but perhaps one of the oldest records we have of “Abracadabra” being used is a snippet from a Roman sage named Serenus Sammonicus in the 2nd century AD from his Liber Medicinalis:
The malady the Greeks call hemitritaeos is more deadly. None of our ancestors could name this disease in our own language, nor did they feel the need to. On a piece of parchment, write the so-called ‘abracadabra’ several times, repeating it on the line below; but take off the end, so that gradually individual letters, which you will take away each time, are missing from the word. Continue until the (last) letter makes the apex of a cone. Remember to wind this with linen and hang it around the neck. Many people say that the lard of a lion is effective . . .
It’s unlikely that Sammonicus came up with the word on his own and it is thought to have been in use before then. There are a couple of theories as to where it might have ultimately come from. First, it could have been derived from the equally magical word “abraxas” whose letters, in Greek numerology, add up to 365—the number of days in the year. It could be that early sages thought this was a powerful word and somehow created “abracadabra” out of it and turned it into a “cure.”
Alternatively, the word might be derived from the Hebrew words for “father, son, and holy spirit”: “ab, ben, and ruach hakodesh” respectively. Perhaps more intuitively, it could be derived from and Aramaic phrase “avra kadavra.” Harry Potter fans will likely know that this is what JK Rowling used when she was coming up with the killing curse “avada kedavra.” In an interview, she stated that the original phrase meant “let the thing be destroyed,” (more on this in the Bonus Facts below) which would suit the cure-theory well; abracadabra was written to “destroy” the sickness.
As strange as it may seem today, people did wear talismans of sorts with the “abracadabra” cone as Sammonicus described. It was thought to cure diseases, fever, and other problems by siphoning it out of the person and expelling it through that bottom “A”. Obviously it would have no more than a placebo effect on the user, but people seem to put a lot of stock in it. For example, in the 1500s Eva Rimmington Taylor wrote The Troublesome Voyage of Capt. Edward Fenton, in which she claimed:
Banester sayth yt he healed 200 in one yer of an ague by hanging abracadabra about their necks.
Abracadabra was still used as a “cure” well into the 18th century, as evidenced by a 1722 book by Daniel Defoe titled Journal of Plague Year, which lamented the use of such charms:
People deceiv’d; and this was in wearing Charms, Philters, Exorcisms, Amulets, and I know not what Preparations, to fortify the Body with them against the Plague; as if the Plague was but a kind of a Possession of an evil Spirit; and that it was to be kept off with Crossings, Signs of the Zodiac, Papers tied up with so many Knots; and certain Words, or Figures written on them, as particularly the Word Abracadabra, form’d in Triangle, or Pyramid…
How the poor People found the Insufficiency of those things, and how many of them were afterwards carried away in the Dead-Carts.
Eventually, people let go of the abracadabra superstition and by the 19th century the practice of hanging an abracadabra charm around your neck to cure disease had died down. At this point, the word started to take on the meaning of “fake magic” which is what we know today—after all, magicians don’t actually make rabbits appear out of thin air… or do they?!? 😉
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Bonus Facts:
- “Kadavra” in Turkish means “cadaver” or “corpse.”
- Interestingly, many of the sources I found said that “avra kadavra” meant “it will be created with my words.” However, when looking further into it, there doesn’t seem to be much direct evidence supporting this and the “corpse” translation of “kadavra” seems pretty solid- if Rowling and others are wrong in their research, it certainly would have added a level of depth to the Harry Potter spell. 😉
- Many other Harry Potter spells have a Latin origin: Expelliarmus, the disarming charm, combines expellere, to drive or force out, with arma, or weapon, making it “to force out a weapon.” Lumos, the wand-lighting spell, derives from lumen, meaning light. Crucio, or the Cruciatus Curse, is a torturing spell that translates to “I torture.”
- Hocus Pocus, another common phrase used by magicians, didn’t come about until the 17th century when a conjurer came up with the phrase for part of his act: “Hocus pocus, tontus talontus, vade celeriter jubeo.” It’s entirely possible that this was derived from the phrase spoken at Catholic Mass: “hoc est enim corpus meum,” or “for this is my body.” Another theory is that it derives from the Norse demon Ochus Bochus, and calling his name would make him help with whatever magic was meant to be done. It’s possible that “hocus pocus” later evolved into the word “hoax.”
- “Presto” simply means “quickly” in Italian. It was used by magicians who were attempting to call up demons and apparently wanted them to hurry up.
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The phrase “avra kadavra” does not translate to “It will be created with my words” but rather literally “I will create it, as per command” or more colloquially “What you command, I will create”. The word “avra” is the future first-person tense of “bore”, or to create, and therefor “I will create”. The word “kadavra” is composed of the prefix “ka” or “as per”, and the word “davra” which is “command”.
The word “bore” will be familiar to those who know Hebrew prayer, for instance “bore pri hagefen” or “Creater of the fruit of the vine”. The prefix “ka” is used all over the place in the Old Testament. The word “davra” is how the Ten Commandments are referred to in Hebrew.
Source: native Hebrew speaker, though the words likely came to English through Aramaic.
@Dotan Cohen: Good stuff, thanks Dotan.
Correct, I don’t even understand all this rubbish, the 2 words are clearly in Aramic Hebrew and means exactly what you have explained אברא כדברא
not corpse and not bla bla
I basically agree with Daven. My only question is whether it might also mean I will create according to my words. Since this is magic, the magician may take upon himself the role of creator. The Hebrew Wikipedia says. “אברא כדברא” – שיברא כדבריי (abracadabra = syevarah cdiborah); roughly translated Abracadabra means I will create according to the words. This is an illusion to the creation where the Lord spoke and the creation came into being. The phrase enhances the power of the magician or healer who uses it.
“I will create according to the worlds”, yeap, logical traslation of the idea, as well
A few months ago, I was at a conference, and a bunch of us were talking (Russian, British, American, Dutch), and we were comparing idioms. I don’t remember what triggered it, but there was one phrase that Anna (the Russian) said didn’t quite translate, and said the closest was ‘Abaracadabara’. We were amazed that it was *exactly* like the word we were used to, but she said it meant ‘Isn’t that strange?’
(I’m paraphrasing here … this was a discussion back in June, after a long week of conference sessions).
It’s possible that you’re missing a critical step in the etymology, if English got the word from Russian … which may have derived from something else.
Where is the picture from?
What about the Amazing Mumford’s “a la peanut butter sandwiches!”? 😀
My legal name is Abra Cadabra and it only means that I am Lynn Cadabra’s husband!
The words abracadabra means “make a corpse”. That is the way I understood it in my studies of theology and the occult.
It is like wishing someone would die.
Interesting stuff. In J.E. Cirlot’s “Dictionary of Symbols” he claims that the magic word likely comes from a Hebrew phrase “abreq ad habra”, meaning “hurl your thunderbolt even unto death”. I’m curious to know the truthfulness of that, now.
He also briefly mentions abraxax.
(“I Will Create according to the word”).. or “I will create with the word”
reality obeys god, God’s living word is his Christ. his name Jesus means “able” and is called by the phrase “he is able” in scripture Gods says “his word does not return void”
remember to the scripture “I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me” with him all things are possible..
Jesus brings God good news of victory
see the work he does in me!
Abra cadabra..
the cadavera was “the sacrificial body”, provided to his will.
the amulet means: “I submit to the will of Christ”..
At the time of the reformation Protestants translated the Bible into vernacular languages and saw the use of Latin by the Roman Catholic Church as a mechanism for restricting access to the divine through superstition. “Hocus pocus” was a mocking version of Latin words from the Catholic mass used to ridicule what they perceived as a fraudulent ritual which as become associated any form of hoax or illusion.
Abracadabra means, as many have mentioned, “I create AS I speak”. And prior to speech, one has “thought”. A “thought” thusly spoken has more CREATIVE power than the thought alone.
Rene Descartes had this world of creation flipped backwards with his famous statement “I think, therefore I am”. You “ARE” prior to, in between, and after your “thoughts”. In other words, your “I Am’ness” stands before, after and apart from thought.
Thus, turning DesCartes famous quote on its head, we have “I Am what I think”. Which leads us to the apparent “magic” of the word “Abracadabra” – “I create what I think I am as I think/speak”.
The Buddha puts it quite nicely: “We are what we think. All that we are arises with our thoughts. With our thoughts, we make the world.”
And so it is. The “magic” is in you, in your thoughts. Always and forever in this realm. Who you say you are, what you say the world is, is who you appear to be and what the world appears to be to you.
Thus, abracadabra is the creative power of the human mind and tongue. Change your thoughts, change your words and you change yourself and the world around you.
So be it.
So technically in ages past Abracadabra/ Avada Kedavra – since they seem to share their origin – could have been used for anything from felling a tree to healing someone… until someone decided to try and use it on a hunt and found out it could be used to kill animals (and by extension humans, they did not like). So other spells might only have been invented once this change had happened. Interesting.
Spot on! 🙂
it simply means i create as i speak
The word abracadabra derives from Aramic , a semitic language. The world is a compound one made up of three words, abra, ca, and dabra. In arabic which is a sister of Aramic the word abra means create, ca means as and dabra means plan or manage.
I learned many years ago, perhaps the 70’s, that it was of Sufi origin.
The story I heard was that it was a Semitic spell: “Abrada ka dabra” meaning, “May it perish like wind”. The speaker repeated it, each time deleting the last syllable, till only the initial “a” was left. At that, the evil it was directed at was supposed to have been dissipated.
None of those translations are correct but close enough. To shoot way back into the distant time, abracadabra was already a later dialect of what originally was. Abracadabra was a later development dialect of Aura Kada Aura which means What was commanded won’t be as commanded or what was said shall NOT become what was said. Aura later became Avra or Abra in newly created dialects, it’s common throughout the world that a lot of language similarities who shared some words had the U or W changed into V or (B/P) however the penmanship was later taught and influenced. Therefore Aura Kede or Kada Aura means A=it URA=SAID/COMMANDED, Kede or Kada=destroyed, stoppage or forbidden, AURA=what was said, obviously!.. A similar in comparison that most scholars often got it twisted is the word ALPHA OMEGA. AL FAH OME GUH which literally means I am into existence or as appear into the exit or as to be ejected. AL=Pathway, a sense of direction, often used for generating or creating something or the origin of all things, FAH=appearance or into existence, OH ME or OME=the transitioning into the reciprocal of what was made “FAH” which is GUH=exit, slipping away, disappearance, into vanishing, destroyed. It was an ancient practiced to align certain words at the opposite of each other in a statement to confuse a spirit or to make a powerful statement invoke powerful spirit for certain effect that can greatly impact an objective. Believe it or not, it’s up to you. Thank you very much 🙂